Haboobs explained: what these massive sandstorms are and how they form

Many might remember studying the Dust Bowl in their U.S. history class. While these types of storms have become less common than those seen in the first half of the 20th century, they still occur—and when they do, they bring danger and devastation.

A haboob is a dust storm that accompanies thunderstorms and is the result of the storm’s outflow winds. Although they can occur anywhere in the U.S., they are most prevalent in the Southwest. Recently, Arizona has experienced several of these powerful storms, which have ripped through communities, leaving a thick layer of dirt in their wake.

What should you do if you get caught in a dust storm?

The National Weather Service (NWS) warns that the danger of these storms lies in how quickly they can develop, often leaving very little visibility once they move through an area. Although the storms typically last only a few minutes, they can lead to major automotive accidents, as drivers are unable to see even a few feet in front of them.

If you happen to be in a vehicle during a dust storm, the National Weather Service (NWS) has clear instructions. If you’re unable to pull over—which should be your first option—you’ll want to drive at a speed that allows you to maintain as much visibility as possible. It’s also important to drive slowly in case you suddenly come upon another vehicle, giving yourself time to brake or, if a collision occurs, to minimize the damage.

If you do pull over, try to move as far to the side as possible while staying on the road, and turn off your headlights. The NWS advises engaging your emergency brake and taking your foot off the brake pedal to avoid activating your taillights, which could mislead other drivers into thinking you’re still moving.

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