Who takes power after Maduro’s removal in Venezuela? The scenarios following the U.S. operation in Caracas on January 3

Venezuela’s government on January 3 denounced what it called a “grave military aggression” by the United States Armed Forces in the states of Miranda, Aragua, La Guaira, and the capital, Caracas. Donald Trump also said U.S. forces had “captured” President Nicolás Maduro and his wife and removed them from the country.

With the head of state now abroad, Venezuela faces an immediate question of who assumes power. Executive Vice President Delcy Rodríguez, the military high command, or a commission drawn from the current government are among the options being discussed to take institutional control following the U.S. operation.

What Venezuela’s Constitution says

Under the Constitution of Venezuela Article 233, in the event of an “absolute absence” of the president, which includes abandonment of office, removal, or physical or mental incapacity, the line of succession is clear.

The executive vice president, Delcy Rodríguez, would assume the presidency on an interim basis. If the absence occurs within the first four years of the term, elections must be called within 30 days. According to the constitution, that requirement would apply here, given that the most recent presidential election was held on May 25, 2025.

If the absolute absence had occurred before the inauguration, the interim role would fall to Jorge Rodríguez, the president of the National Assembly. Since the term is already underway, however, responsibility would shift to the vice presidency.

Venezuelan opposition

In a scenario in which Maduro had been forced out, the Venezuelan opposition has argued that Edmundo González Urrutia should assume leadership to oversee a transition toward democracy, backed by recognition from several countries, including the Trump administration in the United States. That path appears difficult, however, since González Urrutia is currently in exile.

For now, María Corina Machado, whose political career has been constrained by a ban from holding office, has not made any public statement on the situation.

Get your game on! Whether you’re into NFL touchdowns, NBA buzzer-beaters, world-class soccer goals, or MLB home runs, our app has it all.

Dive into live coverage, expert insights, breaking news, exclusive videos, and more – plus, stay updated on the latest in current affairs and entertainment. Download now for all-access coverage, right at your fingertips – anytime, anywhere.