2025 Nobel prizes: Announcement dates, candidates and nominations and previous winners

The 2025 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine has been awarded to Mary Brunkow, Fred Ramsdell, and Shimon Sakaguchi for their groundbreaking work on the immune system and its silent war against thousands of viruses, bacteria, and microbes. The laureates identified the immune system’s security guards, regulatory T cells, which prevent immune cells from attacking our own body.

“Their discoveries have been decisive for our understanding of how the immune system functions and why we do not all develop serious autoimmune diseases,” Olle Kämpe, chair of the Nobel Committee, explained.

On Tuesday, the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences announced that Nobel Prize in Physics 2025 has been awarded to John Clarke, Michel H. Devoret and John M. Martinis “for the discovery of macroscopic quantum mechanical tunneling and energy quantization in an electric circuit” in a system big enough to be held in the hand.

“It is wonderful to be able to celebrate the way that century-old quantum mechanics continually offers new surprises. It is also enormously useful, as quantum mechanics is the foundation of all digital technology,” said Olle Eriksson, Chair of the Nobel Committee for Physics in a press release.

2025 Nobel Week full schedule

The rest of the Nobel Prizes will be announced throughout the week and into next Monday, recognizing individuals and institutions whose work has made a lasting impact on humanity.

One prize will be announced each day from Monday October 6 to Friday October 10 between 5 a.m. and 7 a.m. EST, with the winner of the Economic Sciences prize to be revealed on Monday October 13.

Announcements are mainly made from Scandinavian capitals Oslo and Stockholm, and will be streamed live on the official digital channels of the Nobel Prize organization.

Since 1901, the Nobel Prizes have been presented to Nobel Prize laureates at ceremonies on 10 December, the anniversary of Alfred Nobel’s death.

As stipulated in Nobel’s will, the Nobel Prizes in Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine and Literature are awarded in Stockholm, Sweden by King Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden, while the Nobel Peace Prize is awarded in Oslo, Norway, presented by the Chairman of the Norwegian Nobel Committee in the presence of King Harald V of Norway.

Nobel Prize laureates receive a diploma, a medal and a document detailing the prize money in Swedish kronor (SEK), which this year will be 11 million SEK ($1.17 million).

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