When is the new Pope presented and and how long until he appears on the balcony? Vatican protocol from white smoke to ‘Habemus Papam’

The white smoke emerging from the Sistine Chapel chimney is the most emotional moment of the Papal conclave — it’s the sign that a new Supreme Pontiff has been elected.

However, his appearance on the balcony of St. Peter’s Basilica doesn’t happen right away. There’s a strict protocol that depends on several factors.

Formal acceptance of the election

Once a cardinal receives at least two-thirds of the votes, the Dean of the College of Cardinals asks him in Latin: “Acceptasne electionem de te canonice factam in Summum Pontificem?” (Do you accept your canonical election as Supreme Pontiff?)

If the cardinal accepts, he becomes Pope immediately, even before the public is informed. He is then asked: “Quo nomine vis vocari?” (By what name do you wish to be called?).

The ‘Room of Tears’ and the papal garments

After accepting, the new Pope is led to the so-called Room of Tears, a small chamber next to the Sistine Chapel.

There, he selects his white cassock from several pre-prepared sizes and is given a moment to pray in private. The room’s name refers to the emotional and intimate moment many Popes experience there.

Official announcement and appearance on the balcony

While the new Pope prepares, the Protodeacon (the highest-ranking cardinal deacon) steps out onto the central balcony of St. Peter’s Basilica.

Once everything is ready, he proclaims the famous words: “Annuntio vobis gaudium magnum: Habemus Papam!” (I announce to you a great joy: We have a Pope!)

Seconds later, the new Supreme Pontiff appears before the crowd, greets the public, and gives his first urbi et orbi blessing — to the city of Rome and to the world.

⏱️ So how long does it take?

• Benedict XVI (2005): elected at 5:50 p.m., appeared at 6:40 p.m. → 50 minutes
• Francis (2013): elected at 7:06 p.m., appeared at 8:22 p.m. → 1 hour and 16 minutes

On average, the time between the white smoke and the Pope’s appearance is around 60 minutes, although it can vary slightly depending on practical or personal circumstances.

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